Sunday, September 30, 2012

Persons of Divine and Demoniac Nature


      In chapter 16 of Shrimad Bhagvad Geeta (the Geeta), Lord Krishna tells Arjuna about divine and demonic features. A person who cultivates divine qualities is divine like and contrary to this a person who cultivates demoniac properties is like a demon. Shloks (verses) 1, 2 and 3 of chapter 16 of the Geeta run as follows:
    abhayam sattva-samsuddhir-gyaan-yoga-vyavasthitih
     daanam damasch yagyasch svadhyayasp tapa arjvam.
     ahimsa satyam aakrodhas tyagah santir apaisunam
     daya bhutesv aloluptvam mardavam hrir acapalam.
     tejah kshma dhrtih saucham adroho natimanita
     bhavanti sampadam daivim abhijatasya bharat.

Hindi Meanings: O Bharta Putra! Nirbhayata, atmshuddhi, adhyatmak gyaan ka anushilan, dan, atma sayam, yagyapaaayanataa, vedaadhyan, tapasyaa, saralataa, ahimsa, satyataa, krodhavihinataa, tyaag, shaanti, chhidranveshana mein aruchi, samast jivon par karunaa, lobhavihinataa, bhadrataa, lajja, sankalp, tej, kshamaa, dhairya, pavitrataa tathaa irshyaa aur respect ki abhilaasha se mukti- ye saare divya guna hain, jo daivi prakruti se sampanna devtulya purushon mein paaye jaate hain.

Meanings in English: O Arjuna! Fearlessness, pure heartedness, established in discrimination of spirit and matter by yoga, charity, self restraint,  performance of sacrifice, study of Vedic scriptures, austerity, uprightness, nonviolence, truthfulness, aversion to fault finding, compassion to all beings, absence of avarice, gentleness, modesty and determination, radiance, forgiveness, fortitude, purity, freedom from malice, absence of pride arise in one born of the divine nature.

In Shlok (verse) 4 of chapter 16 of the Geeta, Lord Krishna tells Arjuna about the properties of nature found in persons having demoniac nature. This verse runs as follows:
           Dambho darpo abhimaanasch krodhah paaryshyamev cha
              Agyaanam chaabhijaatasya paarth sampadmaasurim.

Hindi Meanings: hey Paarth! Dambha, darp, abhimaan, krodh, kathorataa tathaa ayaan – ye aasuri swabhaav waalon ke guna hain.

Meanings in English: Pseudo-religiosity, pretentious-pride, conceitful arrogance, anger, harshness and ignorance arise in one born of demoniac nature.
         In the verses next to verse 3 of chapter 16, Lord Krishna tells Arjuna in detail about the properties of persons of demoniac nature.
While describing properties of persons of divine and demoniac natures, words ‘arise in one born with ….’ have been used. This does not mean that a person born with demoniac nature cannot cultivate properties which can make him divine.
While describing properties of demoniac nature, Lord Krishna tells Arjuna about the three doorways of hell and asks him to abandon them. Shlok 21 (verse 21) of Chapter 16 runs as under:

      trividhim naraksyedam dwaaram naashanmaatmanah
      kaamah krodhastathaa lobhastsmaadetatrayam tyajet.

Hindi Meanings: Kaam, krodh tathaa lobh narak ke teen dwaar hai. Ye teenon aatma ke liye vinashkari hai. ateva inhein tyaag denaa chaahiye.
Meanings in English: The three kinds of doorways to hell are lust, anger and greed; therefore these three are so destructive to the embodied self must be abandoned.
In verse 24 of chapter 16, Lord Krishna asks Arjuna to understand the difference in between the karma and akarma and tells him to do the karma (as against akarma which is not to be done) so that he may improve himself.  This verse runs as under:

       tasmaachchaastram pramaanam kaaryaakaryvyavasthitau
       gyaatwaa shaastravidhaanoktam karm kartumihaarhasi.

Hindi Meanings: Isliye tumhein shaastron ke vidhaan ke ausaar kyaa karne layak hai aur kyaa karne layak nahin hai nishchit karke shaastron ki vidhi ke anusaar karma karna chaahiye.

Meanings in English: Therefore, the injunctions of the Vedic scriptures in ascertaining what should be done and what should not be done are your authority; knowing the ordinances of the Vedic scriptures as prescribed, you should perform actions in this world as a matter of duty.
               
As a writer of this post, I will request my friends that even if we cannot adopt divine properties, we can certainly abandon demoniac features.

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